Heterointegrated III-V/Si distributed feedback lasers

International audienceWith an ever-growing transmission data rate, electronic components reach a limit silicon photonics may overcome. This technology provides integrated circuits in which light is generated within hybrid III-V/Si lasers and modulated to transmit the desired information through silicon waveguides to input/output active/passive components such as wavelength (de-)multiplexers, fiber couplers and photodetectors. Nevertheless, high aggregate bandwidth through wavelength division multiplexing demands for spectrally narrowband lasers with high side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR). Distributed feedback (DFB) lasers offer such a great selectivity. We report hybrid III-V on Silicon DFB lasers emitting at 1550nm and 1310nm. The III-V material is wafer-bonded to patterned silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers. The laser cavity is obtained by etching a grating in the silicon, while silicon adiabatic tapers are used to couple light from/to III-V waveguides to/from the passive silicon circuitry, in order to maximize the laser available gain and output power. Gratings are either etched on the top of the silicon waveguide or on its sides, thus relaxing the taper dimension constraint. At 1550nm, the investigated device operates under continuous wave regime with a room temperature threshold current of 70mA, an SMSR as high as 45dB and an optical power in the waveguide higher than 40mW. At 1310nm, a threshold current of 35mA, an SMSR of 45dB and an optical power coupled into a single-mode fiber higher than 1.5mW are demonstrated

Realization of back-side heterogeneous hybrid III-V/Si DBR lasers for silicon photonics

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Differentiation of Crohn’s Disease-Associated Isolates from Other Pathogenic Escherichia coli by Fimbrial Adhesion under Shear Force

International audienceShear force exerted on uropathogenic Escherichia coli adhering to surfaces makes type-1 fimbriae stretch out like springs to catch on to mannosidic receptors. This mechanism is initiated by a disruption of the quaternary interactions between the lectin and the pilin of the two-domain FimH adhesin and transduces allosterically to the mannose-binding pocket of FimH to increase its affinity. Mannose-specific adhesion of 14 E. coli pathovars was measured under flow, using surface plasmon resonance detection on functionalized graphene-coated gold interfaces. Increasing the shear had important differential consequences on bacterial adhesion. Adherent-invasive E. coli, isolated from the feces and biopsies of Crohn's disease patients, consistently changed their adhesion behavior less under shear and displayed lower SPR signals, compared to E. coli opportunistically infecting the urinary tract, intestines or loci of knee and hip prostheses. We exemplified this further with the extreme behaviors of the reference strains UTI89 and LF82. Whereas their FimA major pilins have identical sequences, FimH of LF82 E. coli is marked by the Thr158Pro mutation. Positioned in the inter-domain region known to carry hot spots of mutations in E. coli pathotypes, residue 158 is indicated to play a structural role in the allosteric regulation of type-1 fimbriae-mediated bacterial adhesion